1973, BA, Yale Univ.; 1974, MPA, Harvard; 1978, PhD, Harvard. 1974-75, Teaching Fellow and 1977, Visiting Instructor, Yale College; 1977-82, Lecturer and Associate Professor, National Univ. of Malaysia (UKM); since 1982, Associate Professor and since 1986, Professor, Univ. of Malaya; 1987-88, Visiting Fellow, Wolfson College, Cambridge; 1993, Visiting Professor, Cornell Univ.; since 2000, current position. Author of numerous publications.